Infertility and depression: Symptoms and coping

How is infertility linked to depression?

While doctors have long understood that infertility is a medical problem, shame and secrecy remain prevalent among people with infertility. This can make it difficult to seek help from friends and family.

Not getting pregnant after trying for a prolonged period can be profoundly disappointing and frustrating, especially without support from loved ones.

Research from 2010 found that depression may prevent people from seeking treatment for infertility.

Though many people with fertility issues can have a child after treatment, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), anxiety about whether the treatment will work can also undermine a person’s mental health.

Some of the reasons people with infertility struggle with depression include:

Stress. Infertility can be a stressful experience, particularly where there is a lot of pressure on someone to get pregnant.

Medical conditions. Several medical issues that can cause infertility, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), may also increase the risk of depression. A 2010 study found higher rates of depression and anxiety in women with PCOS.

The emotional and physical challenges of treatment. A small 2014 trial of women seeking infertility treatment or fertility-preserving services found that their anxiety and depression worsened as treatment progressed.

Treatment side effects. Many fertility medications involve the use of hormones. Sometimes, these hormones can affect a person’s mood, increasing the risk of depression.

Anyone can experience depression because of infertility.

Symptoms

It is not unusual to feel sad or even depressed occasionally. However, when these feelings persist over time and affect a person’s quality of life, they may be experiencing depression.

A person may receive a diagnosis for depression when they have five or more of the following symptoms:

• depressed mood for most of the day on most days
• loss of interest in most activities, even those a person once enjoyed
• weight loss or gain not due to deliberate dieting or a health condition
• sleeping too much or too little
• feeling physically agitated or slow most days
• having low energy most days
• feeling worthless, guilty, or ashamed
• trouble thinking clearly or concentrating
• frequent thoughts of death or suicide

For a doctor to diagnose depression, a person’s symptoms must not be due to medication or substance abuse. A doctor should also assess someone for other mental health conditions.

If another condition more accurately explains a person’s symptoms, then a doctor may diagnose them with that condition rather than depression.

When to see a doctor

People with infertility who experience depression should seek treatment for both conditions. Although infertility might be the cause of depression, it is essential to treat the mental health problems as well.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), people unable to get pregnant after trying for 12 months or longer should consider talking to a doctor about infertility.

However, women over the age of 35 should see a doctor if they have been unable to get pregnant after 6 months of trying. Couples with a history of infertility, women with irregular periods, and people with chronic medical issues, such as diabetes, should see a doctor before they begin trying to get pregnant.

A family doctor may refer men to a urologist and women to a gynecologist. Sometimes, a doctor will refer someone to a reproductive endocrinologist or another infertility specialist.

If symptoms of depression make it difficult for a person to function at home, work, or school, or make seeking treatment for infertility seem impossible, they should get help.

The hopelessness of depression can make people think that treatment will not work. However, this may also be a symptom of depression. Treatment can and often does alleviate symptoms of depression and improve a person’s quality of life.

Care Womens Centre is provide the all infertility treatment in Indore at very affordable price. If  are you looking best IVF center in Indore for IVF treatment, so come in Care Womens Centre Indore. Book an appointment today call now 8889016663 for more information.

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To More Post:- IVF: What does it involve?

IVF: What does it involve?

Overview - In a normal pregnancy, a male sperm penetrates a woman’s egg and fertilizes it inside her body after ovulation, when a mature egg has been released from the ovaries.

The fertilized egg then attaches itself to the wall of the uterus, or womb, and begins developing into a baby. This is known as natural conception.

However, if natural or unassisted conception is not possible, fertility treatment is an option.

IVF has been used since the late 1970s. On 25 July 1978, the first “test-tube baby,” Louise Brown, was born. Robert Edwards and Patrick Steptoe, who collaborated on the procedure, are considered to be the pioneers of IVF.

In 2010, Robert Edwards received the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine “for the development of in-vitro fertilization.”

In July 2013, an American couple had the first baby to be born through IVF as a result of next-generation DNA sequencing, a new way of screening embryos that improves IVF success rates and significantly reduces the cost of treatment.

DNA sequencing technology helps doctors screen embryos created by IVF to identify those most likely to lead to successful pregnancies.

Procedure


Techniques may differ depending on the clinic, but IVF usually involves the following steps:

1. Suppressing the natural menstrual cycle - The woman receives a drug, usually in the form of a daily injection for about 2 weeks, to suppress their natural menstrual cycle.

2 Super ovulation -  Fertility drugs containing the fertility hormone follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) are given to the woman. FSH makes the ovaries produce more eggs than usual. Vaginal ultrasound scans can monitor the process in the ovaries.

3. Retrieving the eggs - The eggs are collected through a minor surgical procedure known as “follicular aspiration.” A very thin needle is inserted through the vagina and into an ovary. The needle is which is connected to a suction device. This sucks the eggs out. This process is repeated for each ovary.

In 2011, researchers suggested that collecting 15 eggs from the ovaries in one cycle gives the highest chance of a successful pregnancy.

Frozen or donated eggs may also be used.

4. Insemination and fertilization - The eggs that have been collected are placed together with male sperm and kept in an environmentally controlled chamber. After a few hours, the sperm should enter the egg.

Sometimes the sperm is directly injected into the egg. This is known as an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Frozen sperm, retrieved through testicular biopsy, may be used. This is believed to be as effective as fresh sperm in achieving a successful pregnancy.

The fertilized egg divides and becomes an embryo.

At this point, some centers offer pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) which can screen an embryo for genetic disorders. This is somewhat controversial and is not always used.

One or two of the best embryos are selected for transfer.

The woman is then given progesterone or human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) to help the lining of the womb receive the embryo.

5. Embryo transfer - Sometimes, more than one embryo is placed in the womb. It is important that the doctor and the couple wishing to have a child discuss how many embryos should be transferred. Normally, a doctor will only transfer more than one embryo if no ideal embryos are available.

The transfer of the embryo is done using a thin tube, or catheter. It enters the womb through the vagina. When the embryo sticks to the lining of the womb, healthy embryo growth can begin.

Candidates

In-vitro fertilization is ideal for women who have not been able to become pregnant through regular unprotected intercourse or after 12 cycles of artificial insemination.

IVF can be an option if:

• either partner has received a diagnosis of unexplained infertility
• other techniques, such as the use of fertility drugs or intrauterine insemination (IUI), have not worked
• the woman’s fallopian tubes are blocked

Risks

Some risks are associated with IVF.

Side effects of medication

Some women may have reactions to the medications that are given during treatment.

The possible side effects of IVF drugs include:

• nausea and vomiting
• difficulty breathing
• irritability
• hot flashes
• enlargement of the ovaries
• difficulty sleeping
• abdominal pain

Bruising can also result from repeated daily injections.

Health risks to the mother

Rarely, the drugs can cause ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). This happens when the ovaries over-respond to the gonadotrophins, so that too many eggs develop in the ovaries. Severe abdominal swelling and shortness of breath can result. If OHSS occurs, the doctor may suggest restarting the whole cycle with a lower dose of gonadotropin.

Research published in the BMJ has linked IVF with a higher risk of pulmonary embolism, or blockage of the lung’s main artery, and venous thromboembolism, or blood clots, during the 1st trimester of pregnancy.

Pregnancy loss

The leading cause of pregnancy loss, whether in IVF or in natural conception, is an abnormal number of chromosomes, known as chromosomal aneuploidy. Detecting aneuploidy in the egg or sperm before carrying out IVF, or in an embryo before implantation, may help increase the chance of a successful pregnancy.

In 2013, scientists announced that they had developed a new technology called time-lapse imaging. The technique may increase the chances of selecting a suitable embryo for successful IVF, though further research needs to be done.

Multiple Births

When more than one embryo is transferred into the womb, there is a higher chance of having twins, triplets, or more babies.

Pregnancies with more than one fetus can result in:

• preterm birth or low birth weight
• double the mother’s risk of developing diabetes
• significant increase in the mother’s blood pressure

The doctor may recommend that there should only be a single embryo transfer in women with a heightened chance of having twins.

Are you planning for ICSI treatment in Indore, If your answer is yes, so come in Care Womens Centre Indore, We provide all infertility treatment in Indore at very affordable price. The Care Womens Centre is known the Best centre for IVF in Indore. Book an appointment today call now 8889016663 for more information. 

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To More Post:- Reason for irregular flow

Type 2 diabetes risk four times higher in women with PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a widespread condition among women of reproductive age, and a new study suggests that it may also put these women at a significant risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

The research was carried out by Denmark-based scientists and the findings were published in the Endocrine Society’s Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the leading cause of female infertility, with up to 5 million women in the United States affected by the condition.

Women with PCOS often have insulin resistance, which is a condition wherein the muscles, fat, and liver do not respond properly to the hormone, so the body keeps producing more of it.

Excessive insulin production is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. But as the authors of the new research report, there are insufficient prospective population-based studies to date that have studied the connection between PCOS and type 2 diabetes.

The new study aims to fill this research gap. Katrine Hass Rubin, of the Institute of Clinical Research at the University of Southern Denmark in Odense, is the first study author, and the corresponding author is Dorte Glintborg, Ph.D., of the Department of Endocrinology at the Odense University Hospital.

Young women with PCOS at risk

Rubin and colleagues examined data from the Danish National Patient Register as well as patient records from the Odense University Hospital. In total, the study looked at 19,639 premenopausal women who had been diagnosed with PCOS.

The researchers tested the participants’ glucose, testosterone, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels. To compare women with PCOS with healthy controls, for each woman with a PCOS diagnosis, the researchers randomly selected three other age-matched PCOS-free women from the Danish National Patient Register. This equaled 54,680 women in total.

Rubin and team adjusted for other potential risk factors for type 2 diabetes, such as age, body mass index (BMI), the use of oral contraceptives, and the number of times the women had given birth.

As Dr. Glintborg summarizes, “In this study, we found that the risk of developing diabetes is four times greater and that diabetes is diagnosed four years earlier in women with PCOS compared to controls.”

More specifically, women with PCOS received a type 2 diabetes diagnosis at age 31, on average, and those without the syndrome were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at age 35, on average.

Regarding other type 2 diabetes risk factors, PCOS correlated positively with BMI, insulin, glucose, and triglyceride levels, but correlated inversely with the number of births.

The authors point out that BMI and glucose levels are the most reliable predictors of type 2 diabetes in women with PCOS. Older age, on the other hand, should not be considered a good predictor, given that the women in the current study were diagnosed with diabetes before the age of 40.

Rubin and colleagues also note that further investigations are needed to assess the impact of oral contraceptives and number of births on type 2 diabetes risk in women with PCOS.

Dr. Shweta Kaul Jha is known for Infertility treatment in Indore, she has many years of experience in this field. Dr. Shweta Kaul provides service like IVF, IUI, ICSI, test tube baby, infertility treatment and Embryo Freezing at affordable price. If you are suffering from infertility and are looking for the Best IVF specialist in Indore, then you should visit Care Womens Centre. Book an appointment today call now 8889016663 for more information. 

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To More Post:- Fertility treatment for PCOS

Infertility treatment

Many treatments significantly improve the chances of getting pregnant. They include hormone treatments, fertility drugs and surgery. In addition, assisted reproduction uses various medical techniques to fertilise an egg. Infertility can be seen in both man and women. In males it lack the sperm count and sperm mortality and in females it lack in formation of eggs.

Male infertility treatment :-

Male fertility requires that the testicles produce enough healthy sperm, and that the sperm is ejaculated effectively into the vagina and travels to the egg. Various tests are done to determine the following :

• Semen analysis. Your doctor may ask for one or more semen specimens. That semen is kept In clean Container for further tests. In some cases, urine may be tested for the presence of sperm.

• Hormone testing. Male have sex hormone that is testosterone . The level of testosterone can be check in male by blood test.

• Genetic testing. Some time low sperm count or sperm mortality can be a genetic problem. Genetic testing may be done to determine whether there's a genetic defect causing infertility.

• Testicular biopsy. In select cases, a testicular biopsy may be performed to identify abnormalities contributing to infertility or to retrieve sperm for assisted reproductive techniques.

In some cases more surgery or treatment can be perform to check sperm rate, sperm count, sperm mortality and male sex hormone as well as level of other hormone in body.

Female infertility treatment :-

Fertility for women relies on the ovaries releasing healthy eggs. The reproductive tract must allow an egg to pass into the fallopian tubes and join with the sperm for fertilization.

• Ovulation testing. A blood test measures hormone levels to determine whether you're ovulating.

• Ovarian reserve testing. This testing helps determine the quantity of the eggs available for ovulation. This approach often begins with hormone testing early in the menstrual cycle.

• Other hormone testing. Other hormone tests check levels of ovulatory hormones, as well as pituitary hormones that control reproductive processes.

In some cases, your doctor may recommended other tests to check quality of egg and number of egg produce in a body.

Care Womens Centre is one of the Best centre for IVF in Indore. We provide all infertility treatment in Care Womens Centre at very low cost. If are you suffering from infertility and searching the best Fertility centre in Indore,  contact Care Womens Centre Indore. Book an appointment today call now 8889016663 and visit https://www.carewomenscentre.com/ for more information. 

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To More Post:- Fertility treatment for PCOS

Fertility treatment for PCOS

If a woman wishes to become pregnant, a doctor may prescribe medications to regulate menstrual periods and encourage ovulation. Surgery may be an option if medication does not improve fertility.

Laparoscopic ovarian drilling is a surgical option. In this procedure, the surgeon makes small cuts in the abdomen and inserts a needle with an electrical current.

They use the electric current to destroy a small amount of tissue that produces testosterone on the ovary. Decreasing testosterone levels may allow regular ovulation to occur.

Tips for increasing fertility

Below are some lifestyle tips that can help increase fertility.

Weight control

For people carrying excess weight, losing weight may help balance hormonal production and increase the chances of ovulation and pregnancy.

According to the OWH, even a 10 percent weight loss may help a person with excess weight and fertility problems restore their normal ovulation.

People with a low weight who have difficulty conceiving may want to see their doctor as well, as this may be another risk factor for infertility.

Managing stress

Finding healthful ways to manage stress may also boost fertility.

Long-term stress can affect hormones. For example, ongoing stress can increase cortisol in the body, which may trigger a rise in insulin production. High insulin levels can lead to an imbalance in female sex hormones and infertility.

Tips for managing stress include:

• getting regular exercise
• balancing work and home life
• spending time with friends and family
• getting enough sleep

Dietary changes

For some people with PCOS, a low glycemic diet may improve symptoms and fertility.

A low glycemic diet involves eating fewer foods that cause a spike in blood sugar levels.

Avoiding spikes means that blood sugar levels become more stable, resulting in lower insulin levels and less testosterone production.

Other factors that affect fertility

PCOS is only one of the many possible causes of female infertility. Some common reasons include:

Endometriosis: A growth of uterine tissue outside of the uterus can also lead to infertility, especially when it develops in the fallopian tubes.

Structural problems: A problem with the structure of the fallopian tubes or other parts of the reproductive system can make it difficult to become pregnant.

Fibroids: These noncancerous tumors in the uterus can cause fertility problems by preventing implantation.

However, many women with fertility problems — including PCOS — can become pregnant with medical help.

The first step to take to increase the chances of pregnancy is for an individual to see a doctor and get an accurate diagnosis. By doing this, they can start treatment as soon as possible.

Care Womens Centre is one of the Best fertility centres in Indore for IVF treatment. Our centre provide the best ICSI treatment in Indore at very affordable price. If  are you suffering infertility and searching the Best fertility hospital in Indore  so, visit at Care Womens Centre Indore. Book an appointment today call now 8889016663.

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To More Post:- How polycystic ovary syndrome affects fertility

How polycystic ovary syndrome affects fertility

Every month, in women of childbearing age, tiny fluid-filled cysts known as follicles develop on the surface of the ovary. Female sex hormones, including estrogen, cause one of the follicles to produce a mature egg. The ovary then releases this egg, and it breaks out of the follicle.

In women who have polycystic ovary syndrome, or PCOS, there is an imbalance in female sex hormones. The imbalance may prevent the development and release of mature eggs. Without a mature egg, neither ovulation or pregnancy can occur.

The hormone imbalance may also include an abnormal increase in testosterone, which is primarily a male sex hormone. Women also produce testosterone, although it is usually in small amounts.

The United States’ Office on Women’s Health (OWH) note that PCOS affects 5–10 percent of women aged 15–44 years. They describe PCOS as a “common and treatable cause of infertility.”

Causes

Experts do not know exactly what causes PCOS, but it may involve genetic factors. If a woman’s mother or sister has the condition, she has a higher chance than others of developing it.

Along with a genetic link, excess insulin in the body also increases a woman’s risk of developing PCOS. Insulin is a hormone that the pancreas produces, and the body uses to convert sugar in food into energy.

Women with PCOS often have insulin resistance. Insulin resistance involves the body’s inability to lower blood sugar levels correctly. Blood sugar levels can become too high, which causes yet more insulin production.

Too much insulin also increases testosterone production, which leads to some of the symptoms of PCOS.

Symptoms

Symptoms can occur at any age or time during a person’s reproductive years. Symptoms can also change over time.

Some of the most common symptoms of PCOS include the following:

• abnormal hair growth on the face, chest, or back
• acne or a darkening of the skin
• weight gain
• thinning hair on the head
• infertility
• irregular periods
• ovarian cysts
• depression
• increased skin tags

Not everyone with PCOS will have the same signs or symptoms.

Effects on fertility

PCOS can affect a person’s fertility in different ways.

Ovulation problems are usually the primary cause of infertility in women with PCOS. Ovulation may not occur due to an increase in testosterone production or because follicles on the ovaries do not mature.

Even if ovulation occurs, an imbalance in hormones may prevent the lining of the uterus from developing properly to allow for implantation of the mature egg.

Due to unbalanced hormones, ovulation and menstruation can be irregular. Unpredictable menstrual cycles can also make it difficult to get pregnant.

Treatment

Currently, there is no cure for PCOS. However, treatment can increase the chances of conceiving in those who wish to become pregnant. It can also help people to manage their symptoms.

Symptoms vary between individuals, and so treatment is not always the same. Options also depend on whether or not a person wishes to become pregnant.

Treatment for PCOs symptoms may include:

• Birth control pills to help correct hormonal imbalances.
• Insulin-sensitizing drugs to improve the body’s use of insulin and so testosterone production, too.
• In the case of diabetes, medication to control blood sugar levels.
• Exercise and healthful eating to help boost overall wellbeing and control weight.

Maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce insulin and testosterone levels and improve symptoms.

Care Womens Centre is one of the best fertility hospitals and IVF centersin Indore for infertility treatment. We provide all  infertility treatment in Indore at very affordable price. Dr Shweta Kaul Jha has many years experienced in infertility  treatment. If you are suffering from infertility and are looking for the best centre for IVF inIndore, then come to Care  Womens Centre Indore. Book an appointment today call now 8889016663  and visit https://www.carewomenscentre.com/ for more information. 

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To More Post:- Ovary and ovarian cyst

Ovary and ovarian cyst :-

Ovaries are the female gonads — the primary female reproductive organs. These glands have three important functions: they secrete hormones, they protect the eggs a female is born with and they release eggs for possible fertilization. The ovary is an organ found in the female reproductive system that produces an ovum. These ovaries travels down the fallopian tube into the uterus, where it may become fertilized by a sperm. There is an ovary found on each side of the body.

Size & Location :-

Human females are typically born with two ovaries stemming from the uterus. Before puberty, ovaries are just long bundles of tissue. As the female matures, so do her ovaries. When mature, ovaries are about the size of a large grapes.

The ovaries lie on either side of the uterus against the pelvic wall in a region called the ovarian fossa. They are held in place by ligaments attached to the uterus. They’re located in the lower abdomen on both sides of the uterus. Women have two ovaries that produce eggs as well as the hormones estrogen and progesterone.

Cyst :-

A fluid-filled sac called a cyst will develop on one of the ovaries. In most cases, the cysts are painless and cause no symptoms. But sometimes these cause some symptoms and the symptoms can be :-

Symptoms :

• Lower back pain
• Pain in thighs
• Pelvic pain during menstrual flow
• Irregular menstrual flow
• Painful intercourse
• Vomiting
• Nausea
• Abdominal pain
• Swelling on abdominal area

Sometimes the ovarian cyst are more painful and the symptoms can be dizziness, fever, high pelvic pain. If ovarian cyst symptoms reaches high than one should concern to a doctor. Doctor may recommend the surgery.

Risk factors in a female body by an ovarian cyst :-

• Hormonal problems which include taking the fertility drug which is used to cause you to ovulate.

• Pregnancy sometimes, the cyst that forms when you ovulate stays on your ovary throughout your pregnancy.

• Endometriosis is the condition causes uterine endometrial cells to grow outside your uterus. Some of the tissue can attach to your ovary and form a growth.

• A severe pelvic infection , the infection spreads to the ovaries, it can cause cysts.

• A previous ovarian cyst if a female have had one, you’re likely to develop more.

Treatment for ovarian cyst :-

• Birth control pills
• Laparoscopy
• Ovarian cyst prevention – update your doctor about pelvic pain, irregular menstrual flow etc..
• Laparotomy
• Removal of the ovarian cyst by surgery

Are you not able to give birth to a child? If you are worried about this then you should come to Care Womens Centre Indore. Care Womens Centre is a best fertility hospital in Indore, which provides treatment like IVF treatment, infertility treatment, ICSI treatment, test tube baby treatment at very low cost. Dr Shweta Kaul Jha is an IVF expert of this Care Womens Cente. If you are looking for the best IVF specialist for IVF in Indore, then come Care Womens Centre Indore. Book an appointment  today call now 8889016663.

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To More Post:- How does sperm motility affect fertility?