When it comes to male infertility, it is the health issue that restrict the couple to conceive due to the causes related to the male partner. Around 13 of 100 couples fail to become parent naturally and many other times even medicines and therapies don't work. Of all the cases, in one third the problem lies within the male partner. As in normal conditions the fertility is maintained by the millions of sperms that enter female body during ejaculation. The infertility is mostly due to the causes related with sperm. Mostly in this condition when the medications and surgical procedures fail to work, the solution lies with the assisted reproductive techniques.
CAUSES:
Unhealthy sperms or fewer sperms are the main reason of infertility. There are many causes associated with sperms . In order to be fertile:
- Male must produce healthy sperm.
- Sperm must be well mixed with
- The sperm count must be enough to reach the female uterus
- The sperm must be viable
- The sperm must be mobile
- Swelling in the veins that drain the testicle is known as varicocele
- Inflammation of the epididymis (epididymitis) or testicles (orchitis) and some sexually transmitted infections, including gonorrhea or HIV or any other infection involving the reproductive system or urogenital system can lead to infertility.
- Retrograde ejaculation don't let the sperm enter female body and thus may lead to infertility.
- Autoimmune diseases involving the sperm.
- Tumours involving the urogenital system or even brain tumours cause infertility
- Hormonal imbalance and undescended testicles
- Problem with sexual intercourse or any genetic disorder.
- A digestive disorder caused by sensitivity to gluten, celiac disease can cause male infertility
- Steroids and other medications may affect the fertility too.
- Prior surgeries that might have involved the urogenital system can cause infertility too.
- Smoking tobacco
- Using alcohol
- Using certain illicit drugs
- Being overweight
- Being severely depressed or stressed
- Having certain past or present infections
- Being exposed to toxins
- Overheating the testicles
- Traumatic injurie to the testis or penis
- Earlier vasectomy or major abdominal or pelvic surgery
- Having a history of undescended testicle
- Congenital fertility disorder or any infertility in lineage.
- Having certain medical conditions, including tumours and chronic illnesses, such as sickle cell disease
- Side effects of cancer or undergoing medical treatments
- Difficulty with ejaculation, or erection or small volumes of fluid ejaculated, reduced sexual desire, or difficulty maintaining an erection
- Pain, swelling or a lump around penis or testicles
- Recurrent respiratory infections
- Inability to smell
- Abnormal breast growth (gynecomastia)
- Decreased facial or body hair or other signs of a chromosomal or hormonal abnormality
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